![]() ![]() Our findings thus suggest AdCh68-based TB vaccine to be an ideal candidate for respiratory mucosal immunization, endorsing its further clinical development in humans. Status of chimpanzee adenovirus vector (ChAd) vaccine development for a range of outbreak pathogens at the Jenner Institute, University of Oxford (as May 2017). We provide compelling evidence that AdCh68-based TB vaccine is not only safe when delivered to the respiratory tract but, importantly, is also superior to its AdHu5 counterpart in induction of T-cell responses and immune protection, and limiting lung immunopathology in the presence of preexisting anti-AdHu5 immunity in the lung. We have also compared AdCh68-based TB vaccine with its AdHu5 counterpart in both naive animals and those with preexisting anti-AdHu5 immunity in the lung. ![]() We have evaluated AdCh68-based TB vaccine for its safety, T-cell immunogenicity, and protective efficacy in relevant animal models of human pulmonary TB with or without parenteral BCG priming. In this study we have developed a novel chimpanzee adenovirus 68 (AdCh68)-vectored TB vaccine amenable to the respiratory route of vaccination. Vol 7, Issue 49 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl8213 Abstract Vaccines derived from chimpanzee adenovirus Y25 (ChAdOx1), human adenovirus type 26 (HAdV-D26), and human adenovirus type 5 (HAdV-C5) are critical in combatting the severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic. However, anti-AdHu5 immunity widely present in the lung of humans poses a serious gap and limitation to its real-world applications. Over the past decade or so, the human serotype 5 adenovirus (AdHu5)-based TB vaccine has emerged as one of the most promising candidates based on a plethora of preclinical and early clinical studies. Human Chimp Bonobo Gorilla Orangutan Gibbon Green monkey Crab-eating macaque Rhesus Baboon (anubis) Baboon (hamadryas) Proboscis monkey Golden snub-nosed. Developing safe and effective respiratory mucosal TB vaccines represents a unique challenge. ![]() Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains to be a major global health problem despite many decades of parenteral use of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine. ![]()
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